![]() ![]() Social identification can lead to people showing pro-social behavior towards others. One consequence of this phenomenon is that their self-esteem is also influenced by the status of their group. These types of processes make people emotionally invested in their group membership. By socially identifying with a particular group, people begin to behave as they believe members of that particular group should behave.įor example, a person may describe themselves as an environmental activist and live up to this by monitoring water use, recycling, and participating in climate change awareness events. This is the process of identification as a group member. The second process is social identification. This depends on a person’s social circumstances.įor example, person X can describe himself as a businessman, sports fan, and devoted father, but these identities only emerge when they are relevant to the social situation. People can belong to different social categories, but one or more categories will be more or less important. Social categorization often leads to emphasizing the similarities between people in the same group and the differences between people in separate groups. In general, people tend to define themselves based on their social categories more often than on personal and individual characteristics. ![]() That understanding of the social world includes themselves, and is defined based on the groups that someone is in. They do this to enable themselves to understand the social world. ![]() Categorization is the process people use to organize themselves into social groups. The first mental process that occurs is categorization. Social Identity Theory describes three mental processes that people go through when they classify their in- or out-group. Social Identity Theory: the cognitive processes related to social identity Then Tajfel and his student Turner published the theory in 1979. With these results, Tajfel first proposed the concept of social identity in the European Journal of Social Psychology in 1972. This confirms that conflict between groups also occurs when there is no competition between groups. It was also found that categorizing people in such a way led to favoritism and discrimination towards members of other groups. This shows that group membership is so powerful that simply dividing people into groups is enough to make them think of themselves in terms of this particular group membership. Their membership was basically pointless, yet the participants preferred the group they were assigned to. In these studies, the different participants were randomly assigned to groups. Eventually, this led him to do a series of studies referred to as minimal-group studies. ![]() In it he investigated the way in which perceptual processes lead to stereotypes and prejudices. Social Identity Theory stems from earlier work by Henri Tajfel. A person can behave differently in different social contexts depending on the group to which someone belongs.Įxamples include membership of a sports team, family in another country with a different culture, the neighborhood in which someone lives, and many other possibilities. Do you want unlimited ad-free access and templates? Find out moreĪn individual doesn’t just have a personal self, but multiple identities associated with their groups they’re connected to. ![]()
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